In classical conditioning, the Neutral Stimulus (NS) becomes a Conditioned Stimulus (CS) after it reliably signals the impending occurrence of the Unconditioned Stimulus (US).
The conditioned stimulus (CS) is a neutral stimulus (NS) that - after being repeatedly presented before the unconditioned stimulus - evokes a similar response as the unconditioned stimulus (US).
For example, a cat staring at a can of food (unconditioned stimulus) reacts differently to the sound of a can opener being struck on any surface (neutral stimulus). But if you condition a cat to believe that striking a can opener on any surface signals it will eat a can of food, the neutral stimulus becomes the conditioned stimulus.
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The allowance method of recognizing uncollectible accounts used is one where there is no effect on net income.
<h3>What is the allowance method?</h3>
This is known as a method that entails the use of or the act of setting aside a kind of reserve for bad debts that are seen or foretell to take place in the future.
The reserve is one that is based on a percentage of the sales gotten in a reporting period, in terms of those adjusted for the risk linked with some customers.
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When a business is able to grow by exporting its products around the world, it can frequently attain larger economies of scale, which leads to reduced unit costs.
A company's production unit cost often goes down as it grows. This reduction is the result of economies of scale. By employing the least expensive production techniques, profits will be maximized.
Consumers' prices are lowered as a result of lower cost-per-unit, which increases their real wages overall and makes it easier for them to locate affordable goods.
Businesses from one country offer their goods and services to clients or consumers in another country through the exporting process.
When a company produces more goods at a larger scale while paying less money on average per unit of output, this is a phenomenon known as economies of scale.
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Answer:
Option 1 is correct.
Explanation:
There are two types of externality:
(i) Negative externality
(ii) Positive externality
Negative externality:
Suppose there is an economic transaction initiated between the two partners and this transaction reduces the consumption of third person, then this is known as the negative externality.
For example: Smoking is one of the example of negative externality. Smoking a cigarette is not only present in the consumption bundle of a person who smokes but it also affects the health of the other person who stands near that person. So, it reduces the consumption of non smoker.
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