Answer:
The correct answer here is option D.
Explanation:
Investment banks are special kind of financial institutions or intermediaries who are concerned with raising capital for other companies.
They also perform advisory based transaction services on the behalf of corporations, individuals and government.
In performing these functions, they often are found guilty of pressurizing analysts to produce favorable research for their clients, attempts to alter research of client's firm and permitting executives of client's firm to do so. They also get involved in prohibiting analysts from making any negative or controversial comments about client they are serving.
They do all these to maintain credit worthiness of their client firm, so that the client is able to procure capital.
Answer:
Statement a. is correct.
Explanation:
The effective annual rate is always higher than the nominal interest rate, as the formula is clear for any number of periods, for any interest rate:
Effective Annual Rate of return = 
Further if we calculate the present value of annuity due and ordinary annuity assuming 6 % interest rate, then:
Present value of annuity due =

= 1.06
$400.95
= $425.0089
Present value of ordinary annuity =
= $150
2.6730
= $400.95
Therefore, value of annuity due is more than value of ordinary annuity.
Statement a. is correct.