The alkali metals are so reactive that they are never found in nature in elemental form. Although some of their ores are abundant, isolating them from their ores is somewhat difficult. For these reasons, the group 1 elements were unknown until the early 19th century, when Sir Humphry Davy first prepared sodium (Na) and potassium (K) by passing an electric current through molten alkalis. (The ashes produced by the combustion of wood are largely composed of potassium and sodium carbonate.) Lithium (Li) was discovered 10 years later when the Swedish chemist Johan Arfwedson was studying the composition of a new Brazilian mineral. Cesium (Cs) and rubidium (Rb) were not discovered until the 1860s, when Robert Bunsen conducted a systematic search for new elements. Known to chemistry students as the inventor of the Bunsen burner, Bunsen’s spectroscopic studies of ores showed sky blue and deep red emission lines that he attributed to two new elements, Cs and Rb, respectively. Francium (Fr) is found in only trace amounts in nature, so our knowledge of its chemistry is limited. All the isotopes of Fr have very short half-lives, in contrast to the other elements in group 1.
First let us determine the electronic configuration of
Bromine (Br). This is written as:
Br = [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5
Then we must recall that the greatest effective nuclear
charge (also referred to as shielding) greatly increases as distance of the
orbital to the nucleus also increases. So therefore the electron in the
farthest shell will experience the greatest nuclear charge hence the answer is:
<span>4p orbital</span>
The elements Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen are all part of Non-Metals.
Hope This Helps! :)
It is clean and is blue when you take away air hope i helped.
Answer:
K = [ HOCl ] . [HgO. HgCl2] / [Cl2]^2 [H2O] [HgO]^2
Explanation:
The law of Mass Action states that, at constant temperature, the rate of reaction is proportional to the active masses of each of the reactants.
The reaction above is a reversible reaction and the law of mass action also applies to it.
The rate of reaction from left-to-right reaction = r1 = k. [Cl2]^2 [H2O] [HgO]^2
Rate of reaction from right - to - left r2 = k. [hocl]^2 [HgO . hgcl2]
Then at equilibrium,
r1 = r2
k1/k2 = [HOCl ]^2 [HgO. HgCl2] / [Cl2]^2 [H2O] [HgO]^2 = K
where K is the equilibrium constant for the reaction.
