Question

HELPPP 44 POINTS WILL MARK BRAINLIEST

Answer 1

Answer: Mesopotamia: The term Mesopotamia basically refers to the Tigris-Euphrates river system. As a nation Mesopotamia corresponds to modern day Iraq, Kuwait, northeastern part of Syria, part of southeastern turkey, and some parts of southeastern Iran. Mesopotamia’s historical existence corresponds to the Bronze Age i. e. roughly between 3rd millennium till 10th century AD. Ruling empires of Bronze Age Mesopotamia included Sumerian, Akkadian, Babylonian, Assyrian empires. Mesopotamia is widely believed, especially in the western world, as the cradle of civilization. Mesopotamian religion refers to the religious practices of Sumerian, East Semitic Akkadian, Assyrian, Babylonian, and migrant Arameans and Chaldeans. The religion existed for nearly 4200 years from the 4th millennium BCE. For thousands of years, polytheism was the dominant religious ideology. Polytheism existed in the region till the 3rd century CE when monotheist religious beliefs like Syrian Christianity, Judaism, Manichaeism, and Gnosticism emerged. By 4th century CE polytheism almost ended in Mesopotamia barring some Assyrian communities who kept polytheism alive till the end of 10th century CE.

Read more: Difference Between Mesopotamian And Egyptian Religion | Difference Between

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Answer 2

Answer:

(religion)  these civilizations differed in their interpretation of the gods, however. Mesopotamians, because they had a rougher time with the flooding, tended to be pessimistic. They thought their gods unpredictable, and that there was only a 'Land-of-no-return' after death. Ancient Egyptians, on the other hand, due to their easier time predicting the floods, had a more positive take on their gods. The gods of ancient Egypt could be harsh, but also gave gifts to humanity like wisdom and justice. The Egyptian afterlife was also supposed to be an even better continuation of life on Earth. As a result, everyone that could afford to spent their time alive preparing to be dead. This is where the Giza pyramids came from - they were built as very large tombs that were stocked with food, jewelry, tools, and even servants.Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia both had similar social structures, or ways of organizing society. Imagine a pyramid, with the following groups from bottom to top:

( Social Structure)

The labor class: slaves - slavery in these civilizations was not race-based, but rather based on captured prisoners-of-war or sometimes children who had been sold into slavery to pay off their parents' debt.

The lower class: farmers, musicians, merchants, brewers, and bakers

The middle class: scribes (people who could write), wealthier merchants, and architects

The upper class: the clergy and nobles

The ruling class

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