The correct answer is option 3. removal of hydrogen atoms from lactic acid.
Explanation:
In anaerobic conditions, it ferments to generate lactic acid. It is two way or reversible process in which oxidation of lactic acid produces pyruvic acid and NADH.
This process involves the removal of hydrogen atoms from the lactic acid and produces NADH and H⁺ in the presence of lactate dehydrogenase enzyme and convert into pyruvic acid.
Thus, the correct answer is option 3. removal of the hydrogen atoms from lactic acid.
If during the vaginal cephalic delivery, there is a requirement of additional obstetric maneuvers after the head of the fetus has been delivered however the gentle traction is failed then this condition is known as shoulder dystocia.
Shoulder dystocia occurs when the shoulder of the baby gets stuck in the pubic bone of the mother after the head has been delivered due to which the baby retracts his head back into the birth canal.
Gestational diabetes is one of the conditions that impose a risk on the baby to have shoulder dystocia during the delivery.
Since in the given question it is mentioned that the mother has gestational diabetes and the head has been delivered but seems to retract back, this points out that the condition suspected is shoulder dystocia.
