In comparison, the group 1 elements, including hydrogen (H), lithium (Li), and sodium(Na), all have one electron in their outermost shells. This means that they can achieve a stable configuration and a filled outer shell by donating or losing an electron.
The brackets around a chemical formula represents or means the molar concentration of the given compound or element. For example; [H+] means the molar concentration of hydrogen ions, [H2O] means the molar concentration of water molecules, [NaCl] is the molar concentration of sodium chloride, and so forth.
