Prokaryotic protein synthesis can be fairly fast because one gene can be transcribed and translated simultaneously. Eukaryotic synthesis is slower, but more precious. They can "check" the mRNA before it is translated into protein.
I would say B because A doesn’t have a ring to it.
The glacial budget refers to the input of water to the output of water. The input is when people put water in the glacier and the output is when the glacier starts to evaporate.