Answer:
Scavengers (hyenas, vultures) and decomposers/detritivores (bacteria, fungi, termites) break down organic matter, making it available to producers and completing the food cycle (web). Humans are part of the savanna community and often compete with other organisms for food and space
Explanation:
Lets see this with example
if you put a red blood cell in a glass of water the red blood cell is in hypotonic solution and that water flows into less concentrated area ( in to the red blood cell ) which eventually will swell and burst.
Another plot is when we put the same red blood cell in a glass full of salty solution which is Heterogeneous solution. In these case the water will move out from the cell to the solution which cause the cell to shrink.
Answer:
All the given statements are correct except b.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) refers to the ability of a microorganism to grow in the presence of drug or a chemical that would normally limit its growth or kill it.
It makes it difficult for the existing drugs to eliminate the infection as they become less effective against the microbe.
There are five major mechanisms by which a microbe attains resistance against antimicrobial chemical or drug:
- Drug modification or inactivation: A microbial enzyme inactivates the antimicrobial agent. For example, few bacteria produce β-lactamases which provide multi-resistance against β-lactam antibiotics such as penicillin, cephalosporin etc.
- Alteration or modification of target site: An altered target site prevents the antimicrobial agent from binding to its target. For example, alteration of penicillin binding protein (PBP) in Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>(MRSA).
- Alteration of metabolic pathway: The microbe uses an alternative pathway to circumvent the blocked pathway. For example, sulfonamides-resistant bacteria started using preformed folic acid in place of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA).
- Decreased drug accumulation: Microbial efflux pumps remove the antimicrobial agent (before it could do any damage) by pumping it out of the cell.
- Decrease in cell permeability: The permeability of the microbial envelope to the antimicrobial agent is decreased
Answer:
<em>The correct option is 'this guinea pig could be homozygous dominant (HH) or heterozygous (Hh).'</em>
Explanation:
When both the alleles of a gene are the same then they are termed to be homozygous. If a gene possesses two different types of alleles then it is termed as heterozygous.
A dominant allele is the one which can suppress the effect of a recessive allele. A recessive allele is the one which gets masked by the dominant allele.
For a dominant trait to occur, an organism can either be homozygous dominant for that trait or it can be heterozygous for the trait.
