The reason for the loss of color after the industrial revolution is that the light-colored moths were "selected against" by predators. These birds could only see the light ones against the newly dark, sooted background. Over time, these predators could no longer distinguish the dark ones from their natural dark, sooted background. Thus more light-colored moths stood out against the dark soot, and were eaten. And more dark-colored moths eluded the birds, survived to reproduce, passing on more of their dominant genes for dark color to their offspring. After several decades of hundreds of thousands of generations, most of the later generations were dark, due to selective advantage of camouflage to survive predation.
Cells such as water cells or aquatic microorganisms need and required to have a large surface area increased. Because this helps them stay afloat without spending much amount of energy to float.
Cellular metabolism is chemical reactions that takes place in living organisms so that they will be able to maintain life. Cellular metabolism is made up of thousands of genes, metabolites and proteins.
Cellular metabolism is affected by the sympathetic nervous system but is not affected by the parasympathetic nervous system.
