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olga55 [171]
3 years ago
7

Why does protein concentration increase from the arterial blood to the postglomerular blood

Biology
1 answer:
siniylev [52]3 years ago
4 0
<span>Proteins have a very high molecular weight and cannot be present as macro molecules in the glomerular blood. Before even reaching the blood, they are well masticated and processed to simple amino acids and other nitrogenous compounds like urea, uric acid etc. (in the digestive system itself). They are eliminated from the body while glomerular filtration through urine. The glomerular blood thus becomes free from such compounds before leaving the kidney.</span>
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Summary of hearing: Vibrations cause the cochlea’s membrane to shake. This causes ripples in the ____________, bending the _____
mash [69]

Answer:

1) Basilar membrane

2) Stereocilia or hair cells

3) Nerve cells

4) Auditory

5) Temporal lobe

Explanation:

Basilar membrane: located inside of the cochlea which is located in the inner ear. This membrane separates two tubes that is filled with liquid which is also important for hearing.  

Hair cells: Connected to the basilar membrane and they acts as sensory receptors which can catch movements (ripples) in the basilar membrane and pass this message to the neurons.

Nerve cells: One of the main cell types in the brain, which are responsible for signal transfer.

Auditory cortex: This part of the brain is located in temporal lobe and handles the auditory information.

8 0
3 years ago
Which of the following molecules is synthesized at specific times during the cell cycle and
arsen [322]

Answer:

D. Cyclin

Explanation:

Cyclins drive the events of the cell cycle by partnering with a family of enzymes called the cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks). A lone Cdk is inactive, but the binding of a cyclin activates it, making it a functional enzyme and allowing it to modify target proteins.

5 0
3 years ago
in the system you created in (a), give an example of a sudden change that would affect the stability of the system. Explain what
postnew [5]
An example of a sudden change could be a hurricane coming a<span>nimals can either be killed by hurricanes or impacted indirectly through changes in habitat and food availability caused by high winds, </span>storm surge<span>, and intense rainfall.</span>
7 0
3 years ago
Describe the function of sodium and potassium in the generation of an action<br> potential.
larisa [96]

Answer:

The inward flow of sodium ions increases the concentration of positively charged cations in the cell and causes depolarization, where the potential of the cell is higher than the cell's resting potential. The sodium channels close at the peak of the action potential, while potassium continues to leave the cell.

Explanation:

hope this helps

3 0
3 years ago
DNA Polymerase helps copy a DNA molecule during the process of what?
PtichkaEL [24]
The DNA polymerases are enzymes that create DNA molecules by assembling nucleotides, the building blocks of DNA. These enzymes are essential to DNA replication and usually work in pairs to create two identical DNA strands from one original DNA molecule. During this process, DNA polymerase “reads” the existing DNA strands to create two new strands that match the existing ones.

Every time a cell divides, DNA polymerase is required to help duplicate the cell’s DNA, so that a copy of the original DNA molecule can be passed to each of the daughter cells. In this way, genetic information is transmitted from generation to generation.

Before replication can take place, an enzyme called helicase unwinds the DNA molecule from its tightly woven form. This opens up or “unzips” the double stranded DNA to give two single strands of DNA that can be used as templates for replication.

DNA polymerase adds new free nucleotides to the 3’ end of the newly-forming strand, elongating it in a 5’ to 3’ direction. However, DNA polymerase cannot begin the formation of this new chain on its own and can only add nucleotides to a pre-existing 3'-OH group. A primer is therefore needed, at which nucleotides can be added. Primers are usually composed of RNA and DNA bases and the first two bases are always RNA. These primers are made by another enzyme called primase.

Although the function of DNA polymerase is highly accurate, a mistake is made for about one in every billion base pairs copied. The DNA is therefore “proofread” by DNA polymerase after it has been copied so that misplaced base pairs can be corrected. This preserves the integrity of the original DNA strand that is passed onto the daughter cells.



A surface representation of human DNA polymerase β (Pol β), a central enzyme in the base excision repair (BER) pathway. Image Credit: niehs.nih.gov

Structure of DNA polymerase

The structure of DNA polymerase is highly conserved, meaning their catalytic subunits vary very little from one species to another, irrespective of how their domains are structured. This highly conserved structure usually indicates that the cellular functions they perform are crucial and irreplaceable and therefore require rigid maintenance to ensure their evolutionary advantage.

7 0
3 years ago
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