Ferns don't have seeds and they reproduce using spores. Cones have seeds in them and seeds fall out. Pollen enters a flower and then the flower becomes a fruit. This is sexual reproduction of plants. Since ferns don't have this, they have to reproduce with spores.
During active transport, the sodium pumps would transfer the solutions opposite the concentration gradient. This means that it would go from Solution A to Solution B
Plate tectonics is the theory that the earth's crust(lithosphere) is separated into plates and that they glide over the mantle(the layer underneath the lithosphere).
