There are three main regions of the kidney.
<span>1.Renal cortex - It is the outer region of the kidney which contains the renal corpuscles and the renal tubules (without the loop of Henle). It produces the erythropoietin.</span>
<span>2.Renal medulla - It is the innermost part of the kidney which contains the renal pyramids.</span>
<span>3.Renal pelvis - It is the region that collects urine from the nephrons, thus it contains the place where ureter leaves the kidney.</span>
Answer:
The nucleic acid is a macromolecule present in living systems in the form of either DNA or RNA, whose molecule consists of many nucleotides which are linked with each other to form long chains. The presence of DNA or RNA in an individual promotes continuity of life. The variability and complexity of nucleic acid are dependent on its constituent molecules as, sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. However, two monocyclic nitrogenous bases were classified purines (adenine:A, guanine:G) and pyrimidines (thymine:T, cytosine:C, and uracil:U).
In addition, RNA is a single-stranded structure which differs from DNA in two aspects, the sugar content of RNA is ribose, and pyrimidine base uracil replaces the thymine base of DNA. A ratio between two strands of DNA can be calculated by using Chargrff's rule which states that "DNA from any cell of all organisms possess a 1:1 ratio (base Pair Rule) of pyrimidine and purine bases'.
The purine to pyrimidine ratio in RNA with different bases is given below in the following table:
Presence of single strand in RNA does not follow chargaff's rule and alters the purine: pyrimidine ratio. The above ratio of each base in the given information is not equal, due to which the ratio of purines to pyrimidines is different. The ratio of DNA and RNA is not equal because DNA has its complementary DNA strand. However, bases in RNA might vary due to its single-strandedness property, but its ratio is dependent on the species.
Therefore, it can be concluded that the ratio of purines to pyrimidines is dependent on the species due to its genetic makeup. Hence, option (c) is correct.
The movement caused within a fluid to transfer heat is Convection.
Vertebrates developed about 550 million years ago. The oldest vertebrate fossils are those of FISH with no jaws. These e<span>arly jawless fish did not have paired fins and their bodies were covered with heavy, bony scaled, but their skeletons were made of cartilage. For the next 50 million years, they were the only vertebrates.</span>
1 .insecta
2.arachnida
3. bryophyta
4. mollusca
5. mammalia
6. aves
<u>Explanation:</u>
six legs and three body parts- insecta
2.eight legs and two body parts- arachnida
3. non-vascular and reproduces by spores- bryophyta
4. soft bodies with hard shells- mollusca
5. give birth to live young ones- mammalia
6. lays eggs on land and flies- aves