Data integrity means that, the data should be authentic and accurate. This data is not being attempted to change and it is as accurate as sent by the sender. In transmission path different protocols has been used to make sure and maintain the integrity of message or data.
We can perform this by using Encapsulating Security Payload
, where the data is encapsulate and hidden between security keys. This protocol ensures the integrity and confidentiality of data between sender and receiver.
MAC (Message authentication Codes) are small codes that are added along with the data while sending by the sender. These codes ensures the data integrity and protect it from the hackers. These codes make sure that data will not changed during transmission.
The ESP is a transport layer protocol that can ensure your data or the packet has not been tampered and is accurate. It is a transport layer protocol and can ensure that your data is secured. Neither the sender nor the receiver knows anything about the packet or anybody. Hence, the integrity principle, which means to be morally or ethically correct is fulfilled. Whereas the symmetric key is known to the only sender and the recipient. However, either the sender or receiver can be dishonest, and can be wrong on moral or ethics behalf. The MAC address is a checksum, and it just detects whether the message has been tampered or not. Hence, it does not ensure the integrity principle. And the flood guards, we never face the denial of service like situation. And hence that is not an option certainly. The correct option is A.
