There are four Earth's spheres: the geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and atmosphere.
The spheres interact with one other. For example, plants (biosphere) produce oxygen (atmosphere) from carbon dioxide (atmosphere).
Substances in different spheres are recycled and turned into other phases and forms. This is important cycle and without that, there is no life on Earth.
Since you did not give the reactions, i cannot give the answers.
In organic and inorganic chemistry, nucleophilic substitution is a fundamental class of reactions in which an electron rich nucleophile selectively bonds with or attacks the positive or partially positive (+ve)charge of an atom or a group of atoms to replace a leaving group; the positive or partially positive atom is referred to as an electrophile. The whole molecular entity of which the electrophile and the leaving group are part is usually called the substrate.
The most general form for the reaction may be given as the following:
<span>Nuc: + R-LG → R-Nuc + LG<span>:</span></span>
Molecular clocks because the m<span>easure changes in DNA or proteins to indicate degrees of relationship among species.Molecular clocks, together with evidence from the fossil record, allows scientists to estimate how long ago various groups of organisms diverged evolutionarily from one another</span>
Density is found by dividing mass over volume:
d=M/V. In this problem, we know the density, and the mass. Solve the general equation for volume, then enter the values from the problem and evaluate:
d=m/v [multiply v to both sides, then divide d from both sides]
v=m/d
v=83.8g/(2.33g/cm³)
v=35.965 cm³
v=36.0 cm³ to three significant figures (since your given information only has 3 sig figs)
<span>a. a chemical combination of two or more different materials.
For example: </span>For example, air is a mixture of gases, containing N, O, Ar, CO2
