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lyudmila [28]
3 years ago
11

How to integrate with steps: (4x2-6)/(x+5)(x-2)(3x-1)

Mathematics
1 answer:
joja [24]3 years ago
7 0

\displaystyle\int\frac{4x^2-6}{(x+5)(x-2)(3x-1)}\,\mathrm dx

You have a rational expression whose numerator's degree is smaller than the denominator's. This tells you you should consider a partial fraction decomposition. We want to rewrite the integrand in the form

\dfrac{4x^2-6}{(x+5)(x-2)(3x-1)}=\dfrac a{x+5}+\dfrac b{x-2}+\dfrac c{3x-1}

\implies4x^2-6=a(x-2)(3x-1)+b(x+5)(3x-1)+c(x+5)(x-2)

You can use the "cover-up" method here to easily solve for a,b,c. It involves fixing a value of x to make 2 of the 3 terms on the right side disappear and leaving a simple algebraic equation to solve for the remaining one.

  • If x=-5, then 94=112a\implies a=\dfrac{47}{56}
  • If x=2, then 10=35b\implies b=\dfrac27
  • If x=\dfrac13, then -\dfrac{50}9=-\dfrac{80}9c\implies c=\dfrac58

So the integral we want to compute is the same as

\displaystyle\frac{47}{56}\int\frac{\mathrm dx}{x+5}+\frac{10}{35}\int\frac{\mathrm dx}{x-2}+\frac58\int\frac{\mathrm dx}{3x-1}

and each integral here is trivial. We end up with

\displaystyle\int\frac{4x^2-6}{(x+5)(x-2)(3x-1)}\,\mathrm dx=\frac{47}{56}\ln|x+5|+\frac27\ln|x-2|+\frac5{24}\ln|3x-1|+C

which can be condensed as

\ln\left|(x+5)^{47/56}(x-2)^{2/7}(3x-1)^{5/24}\right|+C

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+ Because of "the line passing through the pair of points (2,3) and (5,9)", that means the line has the equation y = ax + b where a = (9-3)/(5-2)= 6/3= 2

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