Answer:
D Flow of protons across an electrochemical gradient
Explanation:
The chloroplast adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase uses the electrochemical proton gradient generated by photosynthesis to produce ATP, the energy currency of all cells. Protons conducted through the membrane-embedded Fo motor drive ATP synthesis in the F1 head by rotary catalysis.
In chloroplasts, photosynthetic electron transport generates a proton gradient across the thylakoid membrane which then drives ATP synthesis via ATP synthase.
The light-induced electron transfer in photosynthesis drives protons into the thylakoid lumen. The excess protons flow out of the lumen through ATP synthase to generate ATP in the stroma.
Majority of ATP is produced by OXIDATION PHOSPHORYLATION. The generation of ATP by oxidation phosphorylation differs from the way ATP is produced during glycolysis.
Electrons are passed from one member of the transport chain to another in a series of redox reactions. Energy released in these reactions is captured as a proton gradient, which is then used to make ATP in a process called chemiosmosis.
Answer:
Species A: 2
Species B: 56
Species C: 162
Explanation:
Codons are sequence of 3 purine or pyrimidine bases that codes for amino acids. Each codon in mRNA eventually binds with anticodon in tRNA during protein synthesis and gets translated into their respective amino acids. Hence, the number of amino acids in each of the species represents the minimum number of codons in each species.
<em>Therefore, species A with 2 amino acids will have a minimum codon length of 2, species B with 56 amino acids will have minimum of 56 codons while species C with 162 amino acids will have minimum codon length of 162.</em>
Answer:
C. Lysosome
Explanation:
Lysosmes are not commonly found in plants. They are mostly found in animal-like eukaryotes. Lysosomes have digestive enzymes that breakdown molecules like proteins, carbohydrates and the like. They also breakdown worn out organelles. When broken down, they exit the lysosomes in vesicles so that the cell can expel it. This is why lysosomes are called the garbbage disposal of the cell.
ANSWER:
50% or 2/4
EXPLANATION:
E is a dominant trait and with a dominant E in the offspring it is not attached so half of the offspring would have non-attached earlobes and half would have attached earlobes.
