Answer:
Year 3 cashflow:
current system: 243,360
alternative system: 102,240
Present cost:
current system PV	-$971,665.9146
alternative system PV  -$1,075,964.17
Explanation:
<u>Current Scenario:</u>
42,000 inspection cost
<u>Repairs:</u>
1,520 identified x  $75 = 114,000
<u>Refunds:</u>
480 units x $182 = 87,360
Total yearly cost: 243,360
PV of an annuity of $243,360 during 5 years:
Present Value of Annuity  
 
  
C	243,360
time	5
rate	0.08
 
  
PV	$971,665.9146  
<u>New Scenario:</u>
Inspection cost: $42,000  + $25,000 = $77,000
Repair cost: 350 units x $41 = $14,320
Refunds: 50 units x $182 x 120% = $10,920
Total yearly cost: $102,240
F0 cost:
470,000 workers trainings
210,000 purchase cost
Total F0 cost: 680,000
Present Value of Annuity  
 
  
C	102,240
time	5
rate	0.08
 
  
PV	$408,214.6742  
PV of residual value:
PRESENT VALUE OF LUMP SUM  
  
  
 Maturity  18,000.00
 time   5.00  
 rate  0.08
  
  
 PV   12,250.50  
Net present value:
- 680,000 -408,214.67 + 12,250.50 = 1,075,964.17