Answer:
option b is the right one
As for earthquakes, seismograph can be used to monitor tremor activity of volcanoes.
It is very important to predict when a volcano is going to erupt, because it is extremely dangerous if there are people living near that volcano. People need to be informed if they need to evacuate in case of volcano eruption, and seismographs are used to check the tremor.
It could be limited by changing the conditions e.g.) temperature, because most bacteria grows the fastest at warm temperatures. so by making the conditions extremely cold or extremely hot, it will limit how much bacteria can grow. however, bacteria can still infinitely grow, and limiting it only means it is growing less or slower.
Heterotrophs were the first life forms on earth