Question

Antidiuretic hormone provides a means of controlling ____________ output. During dehydration blood volume declines and ____________ concentration rises. The increased osmolarity of the blood stimulates the hypothalamus to stimulate the ____________ pituitary to release ADH. ADH will work on the kidneys to ____________ water into the bloodstream. A negative feedback system is used until the blood ____________ and osmolarity return to normal levels.

Answer 1

Answer:

1. Water

2. Sodium

3. Posterior

4. Reabsorb

5. Volume

Explanation:

1. ADH or anti-diuretic hormone is the hormone which maintains the level of water in the body as ADH helps in reabsorption of water in the kidney and produces concentrated urine.

2. During dehydration, the level of the water in the blood declines but the concentration of sodium ions increases which increases the osmolarity of the blood.

3. The increased osmolarity are sensed by the osmoreceptors which send the signals to the hypothalamus which stimulates the posterior pituitary to release the ADH or vasopressin hormone.

4. The ADH hormone binds the ADH receptors in the collecting tubule of the kidney which opens the aquaporins to reabsorb the water from the urine.

5. This process in negative feedback as the volume of the blood and osmolarity returns to the normal. Once the level is normal, sends the signals to inhibit the synthesis of ADH from the posterior pituitary.