The phrase "remembering the days when he would have gone outside" is describing the man. Participial phrases always have a participial, in this case remembering and have gone, and these phrases act like adjectives to describe the subject on the sentence. The answer is participial phrase.
Pay attention in class, ask for help when you need it, stay out of trouble. That's what I do and I have A's is all classes except math which is a B. (sorry not trying to brag)
Both use flashback to provide crucial background to the characters' situation
I can just give you a suggestion of a story that I have watched. It's " How the Grinch stole the Christmas". The theme of the cartoon is that Christmas is not about presents. One evidence from the cartoon is that after Grinch stole all the presents from the people's houses, they were still happy and they were singing together by holding hands like the presents were nothing for them. At the end the Grinch realized his mistake and gave back all the staffs that he stole.
I hope it helps a little.