Answer:
Which of the following mechanisms is used by gram-negative bacteria to cross the blood-brain barrier? D) Inducing TNF
Explanation:
The blood brain barrier is a barrier formed by brain microvascular endothelial cells, astrocytes and pericytes. Pathogens can cross this barrier by using different mechanisms. The Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) is the way gram-negative bacteria cross this mentioned blood-brain barrier.
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Answer:
Fertilizers are the chemicals that are applied on the agricultural crops to increase the yield of crop and protect them from harmful pests. The fertilizers are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
Karen and Jimmy growing tomato to conduct the research. They conclude that large amount of fertilizer is helpful for plant growth. This is wrong because high fertilizer can decrease the plant growth and may cause the death of plant. The fertilizers are required in the exact amount in the plants and there inappropriate level inhibits the plant growth.
Flooding is the term used to characterize the process that occurs when the waters of a river overflow due to rain and occupy the area next to the river, called the river plain. It can have natural or anthropogenic causes and affect vulnerable populations more often.
<h3>What is Biotic and Abiotic?</h3>
The biotic components are all the living things that live in a certain place, while the abiotic components are all the physical, chemical and geological factors of the environment such as water, light, soil, humidity, temperature, nutrients etc.
With this information, we can conclude that A flood can wash away important abiotic factors, such as soil and rocks, that certain biotic factors need to survive, thus flooding affects the ecology of affected regions.
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Answer:
C. Photoautotrophs-oxygenic.
Explanation:
LUCA is an abbreviation of the ‘Last Universal Common Ancestor’. The LUCA was a microorganism which lived around 4 billion years ago. The evidence had shown that the LUCA was lived deep underground in hydrothermal vents. These vents were rich in iron-sulphur. It did not use air but made its food from the metal-rich environment surrounding it. It made organic compounds such as ammonia for its metabolism from elements such as hydrogen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen.
