Answer:
Anger from the governments that the philosphers thought were doing unfair jobs, books written by previous philosophers (such as Thomas Paine's Common Sense).
c. The government banned slave labor and racial discrimination.
The act of giving government jobs to supporters of the party that wins an election is the spoils system.The term was originally to describe goods or benefits taken from the loser in the competition. The term is also common to some countries.
the first one I think, hope this helps