Answer:
Background
During the course of a bacterial infection, the rapid identification of the causative agent(s) is necessary for the determination of effective treatment options. We have developed a method based on a modified broad-range PCR and an oligonucleotide microarray for the simultaneous detection and identification of 12 bacterial pathogens at the species level. The broad-range PCR primer mixture was designed using conserved regions of the bacterial topoisomerase genes gyrB and parE. The primer design allowed the use of a novel DNA amplification method, which produced labeled, single-stranded DNA suitable for microarray hybridization. The probes on the microarray were designed from the alignments of species- or genus-specific variable regions of the gyrB and parE genes flanked by the primers. We included mecA-specific primers and probes in the same assay to indicate the presence of methicillin resistance in the bacterial species. The feasibility of this assay in routine diagnostic testing was evaluated using 146 blood culture positive and 40 blood culture negative samples.
Explanation:
Results
Comparison of our results with those of a conventional culture-based method revealed a sensitivity of 96% (initial sensitivity of 82%) and specificity of 98%. Furthermore, only one cross-reaction was observed upon investigating 102 culture isolates from 70 untargeted bacteria. The total assay time was only three hours, including the time required for the DNA extraction, PCR and microarray steps in sequence.
Answer:
Elevated uric acid levels lead to a condition known as "Hyperuricemia."
Explanation:
This condition occurs when there is an excessive presence of uric acid in the blood. It can be divided into:
- Primary hyperuricemia
- Secondary hyperuricemia
Primary hyperuricemia occurs when the kidneys are not able to eliminate uric acid in an efficient/proper way. This can be due to the consumption of foos that are very high in purines. For example, liver, gravy, alcoholic beverages, and some vegetables such as spinach and asparagus.
Secondary hyperuricemia may occur to several possible reasons. For instance, kidney disease, in which the kidney is not able to eliminate uric acid; chemotherapy, which may lead to the accumulation of uric acids; or medications that increase the level of uric acid in the blood.
Symptoms include:
- Fever.
- Extreme and abnormal fatigue.
- Joint inflammation.
- Urination problems.
- Kidney stones.
To prevent this disease and as part of a treatment (along with medications prescribed by a doctor), a patient should opt to consume foods that are low in purine, such as lettuce, tomatoes, cereals, fruits, milk, eggs, amongst others.
I think the answer is most likely be J.
The first (F) one the population of the predator increases hugely while the population of the prey was neutral. And so both population didn’t seem to have any connection. Same goes for H. Graph G doesn’t make sense at all the population of the prey didn’t exist throughout the time in the graph but only exist in one single point of time and then just vanish again so that shouldn’t be the answer either.
In graph J, you can see the correlation between the two populations as the predator goes up and so does the prey.
You can search up on google predator-prey relationship graph to get better understanding.
