<span>proton gradient</span> establishment
Chemiosmosis is the process that allows the diffusion of a
molecule or an atom through the membrane. Also, it is the movement of ions
across semipermeable membrane down their electrochemical gradients. In chloroplast,
chemiosmotic coupling is an important factor in ATP production through proton
gradient establishment.
Answer:
E
Explanation:
They need energy to do all these necessary feats.
Answer:
Occurrence of mud slides after heavy rains.
Explanation:
Soil erosion is defined as the removal of top soil from the land and it affects the fertility of the soil. It is also known as soil degradation.
Soil erosion has both short-term and long-term damage. Short-term damage of erosion includes the occurrence of mudslides after heavy rains which is called landslide. It is a short-term damage because landslides took long-duration to happen and when happened it can be shortly recovered using machines.
Hence, the correct answer is "the Occurrence of mudslides after heavy rains."
