A protein kinase that is specific to the amino acids serine and threonine is known as a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK or MAP kinase; also known as a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase).
<h3>Mitogen-activated protein kinase :</h3>
A small number of cell surface receptors can ultimately generate a large intracellular response due to activation of kinase cascades.
In order to trigger an appropriate physiological response, such as cellular proliferation, differentiation, development, inflammatory reactions, and death in mammalian cells, MAPK pathways relay, amplify, and integrate information from a variety of stimuli.
Tyrosine phosphorylation, specifically numerous tyrosines on each RTK in the dimer, is how cross-linking triggers the tyrosine kinase activity in these RTKs. The term "cross-phosphorylation" refers to this action.
The activation of a MAPKKKK or MAPKKK by stimulation of plasma membrane receptors is the initial stage of signal transduction. The MAPKKK then phosphorylates two serine or threonine residues in the S/T-X5-S/T (X is any amino acid) motif of its activation loop, activating a downstream MAPKK.
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SPJ4
Answer:
An ocean current of cold water
Explanation:
Abiotic is non living and water is nonliving
Take for example - you touching something sharp and instantly moving your hand away.
Sensory neurons in your fingers detect the external stimuli of the sharp object and send a nerve impulse to the spinal cord (does not reach brain) and is sent back to a motor neurone - attached to an effector that moves the muscle and moves the hand away. This is a rapid reflex action and involuntary.
Answer:
In terms of carbon and energy sources, all cyanobacteria are photosynthetic autotrophs.
Explanation:
Cyanobacteria are prokaryotic microorganisms, that is, they have cellular structure that corresponds to the cell of a bacterium. As for carbon absorption and energy acquisition, all cyanobacteria are autotrophic and photosynthesizing, presenting photosystems I and II but not organized in chloroplasts, such as plants. Due to the presence of these chlorophyll-rich pigments, phycocyanins and phycoerythrins, they have been called cyanophytic algae for many years.
