At-57 °C and 1 atm, carbon dioxide is in which phase? View Available Hint(s) Phase diagrams for water (Figure 1)and carbon dioxi
de (Figure 2)are given here for your reference O gas O liquid O solid O supercritical fluid solid-liquid equilibrium O liquid-gas equilibriunm O solid-gas equilibrium O solid-liquid-gas equilibrium Submit incorrect; Try Again; 3 attempts remaining On the diagram for carbon dioxide, fnd 1 atm on the pressure axis and-57 degrees on the temperature axis. Find where these values intersect, then read which phases are present. Figure 2 of 2 Part D Phase diagram for CO 73 At 10 C and 2 atm carbon dioxide is in the gas phase. From these conditions, how could the gaseous C02 be converted into liquid CO2? View Available Hint(s) Liquid Solid O O O O Increase the temperature. Decrease the temperature. Increase the pressure. Decroase the prossure. 5.2 Gas -78-57 0 31 Temperature (C) Submit
1 answer:
Answer:
Gas
Increase the pressure
Explanation:
Let's refer to the attached phase diagram for CO₂ (not to scale).
<em>At -57 °C and 1 atm, carbon dioxide is in which phase?</em>
If we look at the intersection between -57°C and 1 atm, we can see that CO₂ is in the gas phase.
<em>At 10°C and 2 atm carbon dioxide is in the gas phase. From these conditions, how could the gaseous CO₂ be converted into liquid CO₂?</em>
Since at 10°C and 2 atm carbon dioxide is below the triple point, the only way to convert it into liquid is by increasing the pressure (moving up in the vertical direction).
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Answer:
The system is not in equilibrium and will evolve left to right to reach equilibrium.
Explanation:
The reaction quotient Qc is defined for a generic reaction:
aA + bB → cC + dD
where the concentrations are not those of equilibrium, but other given concentrations
Chemical Equilibrium is the state in which the direct and indirect reaction have the same speed and is represented by a constant Kc, which for a generic reaction as shown above, is defined:
where the concentrations are those of equilibrium.
This constant is equal to the multiplication of the concentrations of the products raised to their stoichiometric coefficients divided by the multiplication of the concentrations of the reactants also raised to their stoichiometric coefficients.
Comparing Qc with Kc allows to find out the status and evolution of the system:
- If the reaction quotient is equal to the equilibrium constant, Qc = Kc, the system has reached chemical equilibrium.
- If the reaction quotient is greater than the equilibrium constant, Qc> Kc, the system is not in equilibrium. In this case the direct reaction predominates and there will be more product present than what is obtained at equilibrium. Therefore, this product is used to promote the reverse reaction and reach equilibrium. The system will then evolve to the left to increase the reagent concentration.
- If the reaction quotient is less than the equilibrium constant, Qc <Kc, the system is not in equilibrium. The concentration of the reagents is higher than it would be at equilibrium, so the direct reaction predominates. Thus, the system will evolve to the right to increase the concentration of products.
In this case:
Q=100,000
100,000 < 4,300,000 (4.3*10⁶)
Q < Kc
<u><em> The system is not in equilibrium and will evolve left to right to reach equilibrium.</em></u>