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Civil society, dense network of groups, communities, networks, and ties that stand between the individual and the modern state.
This modern definition of civil society has become a familiar component of the main strands of contemporary liberal and democratic theorizing. In addition to its descriptive properties, the terminology of civil society carries a litany of ethical and political aspirations and implications. For some of its advocates, the achievement of an independent civil society is a necessary precondition for a healthy democracy, and its relative absence or decline is often cited as both a cause and an effect of various contemporary sociopolitical maladies.
The meaning and implications of the concept of civil society have been widely debated. As an analytical framework for interpreting the social world, the idea that civil society should be understood as, by definition, separated from and opposed to the operations of the state and official public institutions has various disadvantages, not the least of which is that it inhibits appreciation of the complex interrelationships between state and society. Equally, the notion that the hugely diverse group life of Western capitalist societies promotes social values that are separable from, and possibly opposed to, the market is hard to defend. The forms of combination and association that typify civil societies in the West are typically affected and shaped by the ideas, traditions, and values that also obtain in the economic sphere.
Answer: Vygotsky referred to this as SELF TALK.
Explanation: Self talk is referred to as simply talking to oneself whether silently or aloud. This is an internal dialogue that is influenced by the subconscious mind, and it reveals thoughts, beliefs, questions, and ideas. It can be both negative and positive, encouraging, distressing etc.
Vygotsky explains that private speech stems from a child's social interactions as a toddler, then reaches a peak during preschool or kindergarten when children talk aloud to themselves.
Answer:
The correct option is A
A bureaucratic organization is one with rigid and tight procedures, policies and limitations, and the company reacts with strict controls, as well as reluctance to adapt or change. Bureaucracies are very organized with a high degree of formality in the way they operate
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