As the Roman Empire expands it influences the civilizations that it ruled over. Romans tend to Romanize the people with the roman culture and the way of living and making a roman citizen the dream of every people inside its domain. Also the way the roman culture is propagate is through games and festivals adding more attraction to the other culture to affiliate themselves with the roman culture. Also the roman system becomes the foundation of a lot of empires and kingdoms even after the fall of the Roman Empire.
I think it’s 2 but i am not too sure
Literature aided it by spreading the word of slavery and why it should come to an end. people began reading what was wrote about slavery that began the movement
