Answer:
Under the Articles of Confederation, the central government had no power to tax or to compel individual states to abide by its decisions.
Explanation:
1.melody short phrases, large leaps
Towards the end of the past century composers as Steve Reich La Monte Young, Philip Glass, they began to explore what is now called minimalism, in which the music is stripped down to its most fundamental features; the music often features repetition and iteration. An early example is Terry Riley's In C from 1964, perhaps a random work in which short phrases are chosen by the musicians from a set list and played an arbitrary number of times, while the note C is repeated in quavers behind them. Philip Glass works are on the most representative perhaps also featuring as soundtracks of movies.
2, harmony mixed meter
This caused a very new sensation with an extreme irregular rhytm. While time signatures usually express a regular pattern of beat stresses continuing through a piece (sometimes a section), sometimes composers place a different time signature at the beginning of each bar, resulting in music with an extremely irregular rhythmic feel.
Examples;Promenade -- Modest Mussorgsky's Pictures at an Exhibition (1874) The opening already shows signs of this implement
3· rhythm atonality
Atonality first began as a pejorative term to condemn music in which chords were organized seemingly with no apparent coherence. the term describes music that does not conform to the system of tonal hierarchies that were traditionally seen in classical European music between the 1700's and 1900'a centuries Example; ending Schoenberg's "George Lieder" Op. 15/1
4.dynamics extremes
some pieces started to use additional markings of further emphasis. Extreme dynamic markings introduced an extreme range of loudness, or, and sometimes accompanied with very small differences of loudness within a normal range, this huge change was made possible with the orchestration of the work, usually using many loud instruments like brass and percussion playing at once. It became more widespread in late 1900s.
Answer:
France's King Phillip VI snatched land from King Edward III and retaliation had to follow.
Explanation:
Charles IV had died, unfortunately, he didn't have a son, but his first cousin, King Philip VI was named to be the successor. Philip VI snatched the duchy of Aquitaine from England in 1337 causing a declaration fo war from England.
Edward III King of England claimed right to the French throne and backfired when Philip refused to restore the lands he took (Guienne).
The conflict also involved control of Flanders, a key market for the English imports of wool and clothes.
The two men had started a Hundred Years War (1337–1453) a period well-characterized by the classic European realignments of power.
It was the time when Joanne of Arc emerged as a legendary source of inspiration for the French to seek rebellion against an English dominated world. As a female character, she was one of the first emblematic figures to appear leading a series of important battles in a major conflict.
The conflict yielded a crown for France ultimately yielding France victorious over the increasing influence and power of France.
Sadly, the conflict inflicted heavy casualities to the French, who suffered from famine, political unrest, and the Black Death. The victory was obtained at a very high cost.
