Answer:
25 years
Explanation:
Ossification is the process of bone tissue formation. Osteoblasts are responsible for the process of ossification. It begins when the fetus is three months old and goes on till 25 years of age. Upper limbs get ossified first, followed by lower limbs, sternum and vertebrae.
There are two types of ossification processes. When bone is directly developed using the primitive connective tissue (mesenchyme) it is called as intramembranous ossification, while in endochondral ossification cartilage is used as a precursor.
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Genes close to each other- Strongly Linked genes
Genes on different chromosome- unlinked genes
Genes apart from each other,but on same chromosome- linked genes
Explanation:
Linkage is defined as the tendency of genes located on same chromosome to be inherited together.
Genes located on different non-homologous chromosome are called unlinked genes.
Genes located on same chromosome are called linked genes.
Genes located close to each other are strongly linked as tend to show complete linkage.
Genes located on different chromosome tend to show incomplete linkage.
Answer:
a neutral marker
Explanation:
A gene polymorphism can be defined as the existence of two or more variants of the same gene (i.e., alleles). A polymorphism may be a difference of one nucleotide base in DNA (single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) or indels (i.e., insertions and deletions). A gene under selection will have many polymorphisms in its sequence which may lead to convergence and disproportionate divergence among sequences, and thereby will be uninformative to trace the evolutionary history among individuals within a species, population, etc. Conversely, neutral molecular markers exhibit fewer nucleotide differences, it is for that reason that they are commonly used to determine genetic population structure among individuals.
