<span>a casual operation where few records are kept of income, expenses, stock and other items. </span>
Answer:
a. $45 billion.
Explanation:
The aggregate expenditures must have fallen by = 0.75*$65 billion
= $45 billion
Therefore, The aggregate expenditures must have fallen by $45 billion.
Explanation:
1. If butter complements margarine for instance, and there occurs a sudden increase in the price of butter leading to lower demand, this would affect the demand for margarine negatively leading to a fall in the demand for margarine.
2. If this goods are substitutes the demand for butter will increase when the price of margarine rises.
This is because it is only natural for people to switch to the next best alternative (substitute) that fills the same purpose or needs.
3. Remember Ice cream and ice cream cones complementary goods; meaning the demand for one increases the demand for the other and vice versa.
4. If the price of ice cream increases, demand would also decrease for ice cream as consumers are usually sensitive to price.
This decrease in the demand for ice cream would also affect ice cream cones since they complement each other, leading to a decrease in the demand for ice cream cones.
Answer:
The interest rate is higher in the US.
Explanation:
The forward price is calculated using the following formula,
F= S ( 1+Rd / 1+Rf)^t
where,
- F = Forward rate
- S = Spot rate
- Rd = Nominal interest rate in domestic market
- Rf = Nominal interest rate in foreign market
- t = time in years
We consider that the domestic market is the US and the domestic currency is the USD. Thus, it is a direct quote where 1 EUR = 1.3 USD
The forward price ER is more than the Sport ER only when the interest rate in domestic market is more than the interest rate in foreign market and as a result, the value of domestic currency against a foreign currency in the forward market depreciates.
We can see this by the following example,
Say Spot rate is $1.3 per 1 EUR and the interest rate in US is 10% while that in Euro zone is 5%. When we calculate the forward ER we will see that 1 EUR will buy us more USD in forward (more than 1.3 USD)
F= 1.3 * (1.1 / 1.05)^1 => $1.362 PER 1EUR
