The conversion of solar energy into chemical energy is a physicochemical process performed by autotrophs and chlorophylls, called photosynthesis. The organelle responsible for this process is chloroplasts, which are made up of photosynthetic pigments, represented mainly by chlorophyll (there are also accessory pigments such as carotenoids and phycobilins), which are immersed in the membrane of the tilacoids, forming the antenna complex, responsible for capturing the light energy.
In the presence of light and chlorophyll, carbon dioxide and water are converted to glucose and oxygen is released. Oxygen in the atmosphere from the breaking of water is of utmost importance for maintaining the survival of aerobic living things on the planet. During respiration, the plant consumes oxygen and releases carbon dioxide into the environment.
