Answer:
They're still VERY relevant.
Explanation:
In 2019, an estimated 34,800 new HIV infections occurred in the United States. HOWEVER new HIV infections declined 8% from 37,800 in 2015 to 34,800 in 2019. In 2012, the US Food and Drug Administration gave the green light to using daily pills of an HIV medication called Truvada (emtricitabine/tenofovir) to prevent infection. It proved more than 85% effective when taken on schedule. New drugs are still being developed, here's a link from the
FDA explaining some different types of new TREATMENT medications:
https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-new-hiv-treatment-patients-limited-treatment-options
Here's a link for medications that PREVENT HIV/AIDS:
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-00618-7#:~:text=In%202012%2C%20the%20US%20Food,effective%20when%20taken%20on%20schedule.
Phenotypic ratio is comparing the number of dominant genes to the number of recessive genes
so like let's say there are 3 dominant genes and 1 recessive, you'd write the ratio like this
Dom:Rec
3:1
If the mutation takes place in a gamete that ends up forming an embryo, the mutation will be passed on to an offspring. This can also occur if the mutation occurs early in an embryos development, and the cell becomes one of the gamete forming cells, the mutation will be passed on to their offspring.
by injecting the weakened virus into your body it helps the body familiarize and create the right antiviruses for the virus so that if it ever gets in your system you can actually fight it.
hope that helps <3