Answer:
1) Palisade cells are present in the leaves of the plant below epidermis and cuticle. These cells contain chloroplast where photosynthesis occurs.
2) Guard Cells are present in the epidermis of leaves, stem and branches of plants. They are responsible for opening and closing of small hole called stomata which helps in the exchange of gases.
3) Veins are present in the leaves which is responsible for the transportation of water and food within the leaves.
4) Waxy Cuticle is present on the surface of leaves. Its main function is to reduce the transpiration in plants.
Extinction of other species will negatively affect human society by affecting multiple things. One thing that may happen is that the ecosystem will fail, and it will eventually become a bare wasteland,n destroying possible recources for humans. As well, if humans have a direct use for them, such as cows for milk, or pics for bacon and ham, those direct recourses will deplete humans recourses, and there may be riots, or the population dwindling because of a lack of recourses. as well, some helpful animals such as plants go extinct, then no oxygen will be exchanged through photosynthesis, and it would cause a lot of pollution,
<span>Lactase persistence, the ability to digest the milk sugar lactose in adulthood, is highly associated with a T allele situated 13,910 bp upstream from the actual lactase gene in Europeans. The frequency of this allele rose rapidly in Europe after transition from hunter–gatherer to agriculturalist lifestyles and the introduction of milkable domestic species from Anatolia some 8000 years ago. Here we first introduce the archaeological and historic background of early farming life in Europe, then summarize what is known of the physiological and genetic mechanisms of lactase persistence. Finally, we compile the evidence for a co-evolutionary process between dairying culture and lactase persistence. We describe the different hypotheses on how this allele spread over Europe and the main evolutionary forces shaping this process. We also summarize three different computer simulation approaches, which offer a means of developing a coherent and integrated understanding of the process of spread of lactase persistence and dairying.</span>
These cells are<span> always on </span>alert<span> for germs, patrolling </span>your body<span> like soldiers looking for invaders. specific group of cells called the adaptive </span>immune system<span> cells. These innate cells then communicate to the </span>rest<span> of </span>your body<span> regarding the problem by activating the inflammatory reponse.</span>
