Energy is transmitted to the surrounding in an exothermic reaction and this can be understood with the energy diagram of exothermic reaction attached with the answer.
<h3>What is an Exothermic Reaction ?</h3>
When a chemical reaction happens, energy is transferred to or from the surroundings.
When energy is transferred to the surroundings, this is called an exothermic reaction, and the temperature of the surroundings increases.
ΔH value negative –> energy released –> exothermic reaction
This happens because the reactants are at the higher energy state as compared to the products and therefore heat is liberated in the atmosphere to match the difference and therefore heat content in the surroundings increases.
The energy diagram for the exothermic reaction is attached with this answer.
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Answer:
Electrolysis
Explanation:
The electrolysis of water is one such experiment that shows that water is made up of hydrogen and oxygen atoms only in the ratio of 2 to 1.
In the electrolysis of water, electricity is passed through acidified water to cause it to decompose.
The electrolysis of water is also known as the electrolysis of dilute tetraoxosulphate (VI) acid.
At the cathode, H⁺ ions are discharged and hydrogen gas is liberated:
2H⁺ + 2e⁻ → H₂
At the anode, both the sulfate ion and hydroxyl ions migrate to this electrode. Only the OH⁻ is selected for preferential discharge due to its lower position in that activity series.
4OH⁻ → 2H₂O + O₂ + 4e⁻
Oxygen gas is produced at the anode.
This electrolysis demonstrates the volumetric composition of water that is, 2 volumes of hydrogen at the cathode and 1 volume of oxygen at the anode.
Use the grams to moles first. The molar mass of sodium is 22.99g, so 10/22.99 ≈ 0.43 moles. The use moles to atoms conversions. 0.43 x (6.022 x 10^23), which would be about 2.62 x 10^23 atoms in 10g of sodium.
