Cuticle coating on leaves, and thick epidermal call walls.
First-pass effect.
The first-pass effect involves drugs that are given PO and absorbed from the small intestine directly into the portal venous system, which delivers the drug molecules to the liver. Once in the liver, enzymes break the drug into metabolites; they may become active or may be deactivated and readily excreted from the body. A large percentage of the oral dose is usually destroyed and never reaches tissues. Oral dosages account for this phenomenon to ensure an appropriate amount of the drug in the body to produce a therapeutic action. Passive diffusion is the major process through which drugs are absorbed into the body. Active transport is a process that uses energy to actively move a molecule across a cell membrane and is often involved in drug excretion in the kidney. Glomerular filtration is the passage of water and water-soluble components from the plasma into the renal tubule.
Electron shell is the outer orbital, while the inner orbital are just called orbitals.
Answer:
D. it takes millions of years to form
Answer:
The ability of body systems to increase their function, given the need to adapt, is known as the <u>physiologic reserve.</u>
Explanation:
The ability of body systems to increase their function if the need to adapt arises is known as a physiological reserve. Frequently, this term is used to refer to the operating limits of a particular physiological system when under stress. When this stress exceeds the ability of a particular organ or system to compensate for it, organ failure occurs. Adaptation achieves its highest efficiency when changes are generated gradually/progressively rather than abruptly. In aging, this reserve is diminished and therefore the ability of the organs to adapt to stress is lower, that is, the ability to adapt is reduced in extreme ages.
