Direct effects, as the name suggests, while not manipulated or communicated by a third party, deal with the direct influence of one entity on another. Indirect effects can be described as the influence, mediated or passed on by a third, of one organism or species on another.
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A is ur answer ur welcome hope this helps :) JACK
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i dont rlly get what ur asking but basically gasses diffues across the cell membrane from high conc to low concentration.
i dont know what passive transport is but active transport goes against the concentration gradient so im guessing passive is the opposite and goes with the conc gradient
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