a volcanoes that form on the ocean floor
Answer:
The endoplasmic reticulum
Explanation:
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Answer: Complex IV, also known as cytochrome c oxidase, oxidizes cytochrome c and transfers the electrons to oxygen, the final electron carrier in aerobic cellular respiration. The cytochrome proteins a and a3, in addition to heme and copper groups in complex IV transfer the donated electrons to the bound dioxygen species, converting it into molecules of water. The free energy from the electron transfer causes 4 protons to move into the intermembrane space contributing to the proton gradient. Oxygen reduces via the following reaction:
2 cytochrome c(red) + ½O2 + 4 H+(matrix) -> 2 cytochrome c(ox) + 1 H2O + 2 H+(intermembrane)
Explanation:
In the electron transport chain (ETC), the electrons go through a chain of proteins that increases its reduction potential and causes a release in energy. Most of this energy is dissipated as heat or utilized to pump hydrogen ions (H+) from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space and create a proton gradient. This gradient increases the acidity in the intermembrane space and creates an electrical difference with a positive charge outside and a negative charge inside. The ETC proteins in a general order are complex I, complex II, coenzyme Q, complex III, cytochrome C, and complex IV.
Answer:
International trade policies have a significant impact on the earth's biodiversity and biological resources. They can undermine national and international conservation laws and policies. ... CIEL seeks to reform trade rules so that they support rather than impede conservation and sustainable use.
Explanation:
Plants in the rain forest have unique adaptations to help them to thrive in the climatic conditions present there. Temperatures in the rain forest are high all year round. Since tropical rain forests are located around the equator they receive direct sunlight. The leaves of the plants here are waxy to protect them from the direct sunlight.
Rain fall is high here and it can get up to 4000 mm per year. Leaves are equipped with drip tips to allow for the easy run off of water after a down pour.
The barks of most trees are also smooth to further facilitate the movement of water to the ground. The trees in the forest grow fast and compete with each other for sunlight. The trees grow very tall and very fast so they have specialized roots called buttress roots that can support them. These roots spread out to support tall trees.
The dense vegetation of the forest prevents much plants from growing under the canopy of the trees. A small number of plant however can survive in this low light environment. The plant that grow under the canopy have large, dark green leaves to make use of the little light that passes through.
