B. Cooperative federalism has been practiced in the US since 1860.
Cooperative federalism, or the concept of federalism in which local, state, and federal governments work together to create policies, replaced dual federalism in the 1930s.
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Just so you understand more deeply. There is more than one answer for this question, "as it is written". Math can be like this sometimes. And it can cause a lot of confusion. You must read it very carefully. If you multiply 8 x 4 you get 32. You know that (? x 7) must be greater that that number because you subtract (? x 3). If you multiply 5 x 7 you get 35. And that is greater than 32. Then take 32 from 35 to get 3. So that (5 x 7) - (1 x 3) also gives 32. If ? is assumed to be the same value for both (? x 7) and (? x 3). Then the problem can be solved by the rules of algebra, as it was done by Vivian. Any other analysis can give you other possible answers. If this is the case, then there must be some more to the question. You are not told that ? = ?. But this must be the case. And ? is an "operator", not just a question mark. To get just one answer, they must both be 8. You just use the "math rules" to move things around until you find the way to the answer. Scientists sometimes do this for months or years to solve complicated problems.
Often, your number sense gets confused by this kind of "discrepancy" or not knowing where to start situation, when you go beyond simple math and into algebra concepts. And this can leave you lost and not knowing where to start. If the general question is put to you to solve the problem by algebra concepts. You can assume more into the question by applying the rules of algebra. In algebra, symbols are used instead of numbers. This is part of the "math rules". Then the other rules are used to find the answer. The symbol ? is just as valid as x or y or whatever. In science you sometimes even use words. (That is how word problems are built.) Once you know the "math rules". You can apply logic to solve math problems.
I send this answer to give you a deeper understanding of what you are doing. You are learning basic rules now. Knowing what is causing your confusion can make things easier in the future. Jut play with the "ok" math maneuvers (+, -, multiplication, division) until you can do them without thinking. And math will become easy. There are more "math rules" that you will learn later. You will "see" the answers easier later. After you get more experience. Don't expect this now. The key to easy math is practice.
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C. Anger over the french government denouncing the catholic church.
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Spread of slavery: In the English colonies, the first use of enslaved labor started in the British West Indies. The majority of enslaved Africans were sent to sugar plantations in the British West Indies, even after the first ship of enslaved Africans landed in Virginia in 1619. By 1776, 20% of the colonial population was African American. There is a common misconception that slavery was limited to the Chesapeake and Southern colonies, as well as the British West Indies. Slavery did exist in the New England and Middle colonies, just at a smaller scale. In New England, enslaved Africans accounted for about 2-3% of the population before the American Revolution.
Labor systems: The first labor system in the British colonies was indentured servitude, in which servants worked for landowners in exchange for passage to America. But because indentured servants only worked for a short period of time and sometimes fought over access to land after their terms ended, plantation owners switched to using enslaved Africans as their primary source of labor. Enslaved Africans became vital to the cultivation of tobacco and soon made up nearly 50% of the population in the Chesapeake and Southern colonies.
Methods of resistance: Enslaved Africans resisted slavery in both covert and overt ways. Examples of covert forms of resistance include work slow-downs and breaking tools. Examples of overt forms of resistance include running away or organizing rebellions. One of the most successful rebellions in the American colonies was the Stono Rebellion in 1739, which resulted in the deaths of more than 40 white colonists and more than 40 Africans.
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Answer: During Reconstruction, many small white farmers, thrown into poverty by the war, entered into cotton production, a major change from prewar days when they concentrated on growing food for their own families.
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