Answer:
1. egocentric
Explanation:
The Preoperational Stage
Ages: 2 to 7 Years
Major Characteristics and Developmental Changes:
Children begin to think symbolically and learn to use words and pictures to represent objects.
 Children at this stage tend to be egocentric and struggle to see things from the perspective of others.
 While they are getting better with language and thinking, they still tend to think about things in very concrete terms.
 
        
             
        
        
        
I believe the answer is: Situation model
In a situation model, we would make an additional attempt to analyze the data at hand in order to examine how the data is collected and created.
Currently, this model is widely used to enchance people's ability in language comprehension and memory retrieval.
        
             
        
        
        
The ancient city of Harappa was considered to be advanced during its time due to multiple characteristics such as: the sheer size of the city (known today as urban); a large network of trade/commerce/transport technology and economy; accuracy of their measurement systems for length and mass; their use of measurements in architectural design, sewerage and drainage systems; innovative metallurgy techniques and manipulation of precious metals (lead, tin, bronze, copper).