Layers of fossils in pillars, the rock covering them is dated and we get an exact time of each layer.
A punnet square determines all of the ways in which alleles can combine. It may be used to predict ratios of offspring genotypes and phenotypes. However, Punnet squares cannot determine actual outcomes. They can only predict the possibility for things to happen. The exception to this takes place when the cross occurs with two homozygous dominant or recessive genes and the resulting offspring is either be 100% homozygous dominant or recessive.
The decomposers are of two kinds, aerobic decomposers and anaerobic decomposers. The aerobic decomposers need the oxygen from the air to break down the dead and decaying matter into simple salts, sugars and hydrocarbon gases. The anaerobic decomposers do not require oxygen for the break down of dead and decaying matter. They break down the matter into various forms of hydrocarbons, sulphides and nitrogenous compounds.
When a dead and decaying matter gets buried deep within the Earth where there is an absence of the decomposers, it takes the form of crude oil, coal, peat, asphalt, and natural gas. The matter gets compressed by the weight of the rocks above and changes its form.
An e.coli cell without a functional laci gene is expected to always produce B-galactosidase. i found the answer to this question on a set of quizlet flash cards. i have provided the link below in case you would want to look at the flash cards for reference.
https://quizlet.com/62335789/genetics-important-concepts-flash-cards/
