Answer:
- First outgroup → Ray-Finned Fishes
- Second outgroup → Sharks
Explanation:
The outgroup is the most distant taxonomic group that shares no traits or characters with the lineages of interest, which compose the ingroup. You can compare the outgroup with the ingroup to determine the evolutive relationship and which characters are primitive or derived.
Even though the outgroup shares a common ancestor with the ingroup, this is placed far away in evolution, making the outgroup to be the taxonomic group less related to the other lineages. The lineages in the ingroup share another common ancestor that is more recent in history.
To select the outgroup, you need to focus on what you are interested in. There might be several outgroups, but you should choose the one that is more related or closer to the ingroups. This selection is important because you need to make comparisons to understand the evolution of specific traits.
In the exposed example, we need to focus on animals that have four limbs. Then, we might assume that the ingroup is composed of Amphibians Crocodiles Dinosaurs. Sharks and Ray-Finned Fish do not have four limbs, so they might be considered outgroups.
From these two outgroups, sharks have a cartilaginous skeleton, while Ray-Finned Fishes have a bony skeleton. This fact makes ray-finned fishes more related to the ingroup than the sharks. So,
- First outgroup → Ray-Finned Fishes
- Second outgroup → Sharks
Answer:
<h2>Apoenzyme
</h2><h2>Cofactors</h2>
Explanation:
Conjugated enzymes also known as holoenzyme. Simple enzymes consist of only protein alone but the Conjugated enzymes contain protein ( this portion is called Apoenzyme) and nonprotein molecules (this portion is called cofactor). Cofactor help enzymes in their action.
Enzymes are catalyst which increase the rate of a reaction by decreasing the activation energy.
Answer:
The correct answer is Cb3 protein.
Explanation:
The alternative pathway of complement is the immune system's natural defense system against any infectious agent. It is one of the 3 complement pathways that kills and any pathogen that enters our body.
The pathway is activated when Cb3 protein binds directly to the microbe.
Cb3 protein is found in abundant quantity in our plasma. It is available in the free form.
The answer is a or b or c or d hope dis helps bruddas at riverdale high school 10th grade
