Since Lithium has one valence electron that means it needs to lose it to form a stable structure. That means it's valence is equal to one. Oxygen has six atoms, in order to form a stable octet structure it needs to accept 2 electrons, therefore it's valence is 2.
Therefore two Lithium atoms bond with one oxygen atom to form Li2O
Answer:
Self-antigens are not recognized and attacked by the T cells.
Explanation:
In immunology, the antigens are those substances which are bound by the antibodies. The antigens can be originated from within the bodies, known as self antigens or from outside the body, known as non-self antigens. The immune system identifies and attacks non-self invaders or the foreign harmful objects present in the body. It does not attack the self-antigens under the normal conditions. This is due to the negative selection of T cells of the thymus.
Correct option a) Increased plasma volume.
A potential negative health effect of stress is Shrinks the brain. Stress that's the left unchecked can contribute to many health problem, such as high blood pressure , heart disease , obesity and diabetes.
The volume of the brain tends to remain about the same, it has been found that chronic stress in healthy individuals can causes areas of the brain associated with emotions , metabolism and memory of that individual to be shrink slowly.
Stress can also be positive which is distress , getting job promotion or being given grater responsibilities keeping us alert and ready to avoid danger. It can became negative if a person faces continuous challenges without relief or relaxation between challenges.
To learn more about chronic stress here
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Answer:
Evaporation and Transpiration
Explanation: