Answer:
<em>Catholic church:</em>
<em>The crusades contributed to increase the wealth of the church and the power of the papacy. The popes took over the enterprises authority and influence, by placing their hands, their armies and resources of Christendom and adapted the people to look at them as leaders.</em>
<em>Thousands of the crusaders, returning broken in spirits and in health sought an asylum in monasterie-retreats, and along with them were their wordly goods.</em>
<em>The Crusades:</em>
<em>The Crusades were military campaigns sanctioned by the Catholic Church in the Middle Ages.</em>
<em>Effects of the crusades:</em>
<em>The crusades kept all Europe in tumult for two centuries and cost Christendom several millions of lives. The holy wars affected indirectly and became an important factor in the history of the progress of civilization.</em>
Answer:
The ozone layer absorbs a large portion of incoming UV radiation.
Explanation:
This means it keeps ground-level ozone from forming. A higher percentage of UV radiation entering the troposphere would allow a greater amount of ozone to form in the troposphere.
Answer:
the best in Ireland, temperature will go below 32°F and only occasionally above 68°F In the UK
<span>In terms of matter and resources, the Earth is essentially a closed system, because matter and resources are fixed.
</span>In terms of energy, the Earth is an open system, because there is a balanced transfer of energy. (The energy<span> radiates into the </span>Earth's system<span>, from the Sun and</span><span> then it is radiated back into space from the </span>Earth. The<span> flows of energy are regulated by the </span>Earth's<span> atmosphere and ozone layer.)</span>
