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zvonat [6]
3 years ago
8

Which of the following statements is most correct? a. All else equal, if a bond’s yield to maturity increases, its price will fa

ll. b. All else equal, if a bond is down graded by the rating agencies its yield to maturity will increase. c. If a firm has two bond issues that are identical except one is subordinate to the other, the subordinate issue will have a higher yield to maturity than the other issue. d. A B and C are correct. e. None of the above are correct
Business
1 answer:
Andrei [34K]3 years ago
4 0

Answer: d. A B and C are correct.

Explanation:

A bond's price and it's Yield to Maturity (YTM) are inversely related such that when Yield to Maturity rises, the price of the bond falls. This is a because a higher YTM signifies that the bond is riskier so it will compensate by being cheaper.

If a bond is downgraded by Ratings agencies then it means that the bond is now riskier. As it is riskier investors will charge more interest for taking on the risk. The interest is the YTM and so it rises.

A Subordinate bond means that if the company were to go into bankruptcy for instance, the Subordinate bond would only be paid for after the bond that is not Subordinated. This means that there is a chance that Subordinate bond holders will not get anything from the liquidation of the company. Investors will therefore charge a higher YTM to cater for the risk that this happens.

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Which one of the following is NOT one of the arguments against social responsibility as used by economist Milton Friedman?
777dan777 [17]

Answer:

B) Businesses can actually do very little in terms of social responsibility.

Explanation:

Milton Friedman is most famous for the defense of the Chicago School economics which is a neoclassical approach to macroeconomics. He favored free trade, smaller government and a slow but constant growth of the money supply. I personally disagree with neoclassical economists because they have the tendency to mess things up and time proves they are always wrong (that is a biased but positive statement). He was the father of monetarism, but if you look at his last two disciples, George Bush and George W. Bush, the outcome was not positive ⇒ 3 deep recessions in 3 presidential terms.

As a neoclassical economist, Friedman believed and argued in favor of the trickle down in economics. That means that if you allow the rich to get overwhelmingly rich, their riches will spill over to the rest of society. Not because they are good people that like to share their wealth, but because they need workers and employees to keep consuming goods and services in order to get the economy moving. Eventually the spilled over wealth should return to the top. So it is no wonder why he opposed corporate social responsibility, since wasting time and money in the community, employees or the environment was simply a waste of resources that could be used to increase stockholders' wealth.

I understand how theoretically this might work, but it takes the human factor out of the equation and expectations are extremely important in economics, that is why they always fail.

6 0
3 years ago
If a journal entry and posting for the use of office supplies during the year is accidentally omitted, what would be the impact
jolli1 [7]
<span>It is imperative to have accurate information when completing year end financial statements. If a journal entry and posting for the use of office supplies was omitted in error, the financial statements would not be complete, and the company could possibly lose out on a tax deduction.</span>
4 0
3 years ago
Bond issue costs reduce the cash proceeds from the issuance of debt. do not affect the cash proceeds from the issuance of debt.
tia_tia [17]

Answer:

increase the effective interest rate of borrowing

Explanation:

Cost of debt refers to the total cost a company incurs for raising debt which includes fixed coupon rate payments to bondholders.

Cost of debt is calculated using the following formula:

K_{d} = \frac{I(1\ -\ t)}{NP}

wherein K_{d} = Cost of debt

             I = annual rate of coupon payment

             t= tax rate

            NP = Net proceeds which is par value less issue expenses

when NP is taken as the base, while calculating cost of debt, it is termed as effective interest rate.

So, bond issue costs reduce the net proceeds and thus, increase the effective interest rate of borrowing for the issuer company.

4 0
3 years ago
How can optimism help you as an entrepreneur? A. It helps you adapt to new challenges. B. It helps you accept advice from others
baherus [9]
B accepting advice as a entrepreneur really helps as and accepting advice is part of being a good leader!
3 0
3 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Vault-Tec. has annual fixed costs excluding depreciation of $1,000,000 and variable costs that are 75% of sales. If depreciation
alina1380 [7]

Answer:

Vault-Tec's break-even level of sales ==$3,000,000  

Explanation:

Break-even point is the level of activity at which a firm must operate such that its total revenue will equal its total costs. At this point, the company makes no profit or loss.

It is calculated using this formula:

Break-even point (sales) = Fixed cost/c/s ratio.

c/s means contribution to sales ratio

C/s ratio = (sales - variable cost)/sales

C/S is the proportion of sales value that is earned as contribution. its is sales less variable costs.

So if for an instance, variable costs are 60% of sales, then contribution will be 40% of sales i.e (100-60)% .

<em>Now we can apply these concepts to our questions:</em>

c/s =( 100-75)% = 25%

Break-even point( sales) = (1,000,000- 250,000)/25%

                                         = 750,000/0.25

                                          =$3,000,000

<em>Note that depreciation is excluded from the fixed costs because it is a non-cash flow item.</em>

Vault-Tec's break-even level of sales ==$3,000,000

3 0
3 years ago
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