<span>Russell's case (two illnesses: bipolar disorder and substance use disorder) illustrates </span>comorbidity. The term comorbity is used in medicine to denote a presence of two diseases or disorders, one primary and one additional, both occurring at the same person.
Urochordata is another invertebrate other than hagfish.
Answer:
basically every living thing breathes oxygen O2 and exhales carbon dioxide CO2
Explanation:
So orcas use O2 and produce then CO2.
The inheritance of gene expression patterns, in the absence of the initiating signal, is called Epigenetic regulation.
Epigenetic changes can be defined as inherited variations which are not present in the DNA sequence. Gene expression is regulated at different levels and not merely in response to DNA modifications. Examples of epigenetic control include DNA methylation, histone deacetylation and mi-RNA expression.
Epigenetic mechanisms add an adaptive layer of control in the regulation of gene expression that allows an organism to adapt to a dynamic environment.
Epigenetic regulation increases the functional intricacy of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) by changing chromatin structure, nuclear organization as well as transcript stability.
To learn more about gene expression here
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Well, you failed to mention which one is the recessive trait in this instance. But, let’s say red hair is recessive, denoted by r and brown hair is dominant denoted by R. Mom is rr and dad is RR. All children are going to be Rr and so heterozygous. They will all carry the trait for red hair but will express brown hair themselves, so 0% probability of having a child with red hair from the initial parents
