This is known as aversion therapy. Here, a patient is concurrently exposed to a stimulus, typically an addiction, and some form of discomfort. The idea behind this is that the patient will associate the addiction with unpleasant experiences. In this way, it is hoped that the patient will overcome his/her addiction. This sort of therapy has taken many forms. The more common form is for example to paint unpleasant-tasting nail polish on one's nails to discourage nail chewing. More extreme forms include electric shock therapy.
Answer:
CENTROMERE
Explanation:
The CENTROMERE is the primary constriction region where the identical DNA molecules are most tightly bonded to each other during mitosis and meiosis.
The typical chromosome in metaphase is composed of two sister chromatids joined by the centromere.
Surrounding the centromere, we can find the kinetochores. These are laminar proteinic structures forming a plate where the spindle and kinetochore fibers will join during chromatids separation.
The position of the centromere defines the chromosomes as acrocentric, metacentric, or submetacentric.
It just depends what you are studing: