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adoni [48]
3 years ago
11

In case of rdt 3.0 Stop and Wait, suppose we send a packet of 1KB through 1 Gbps link and RTT=20 msec. Find the sender utilizati

on? Find the sender throughput?
Computers and Technology
1 answer:
Mamont248 [21]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

a. Utilization =  0.00039

b. Throughput = 50Kbps

Explanation:

<u>Given Data:</u>

Packet Size = L = 1kb = 8000 bits

Transmission Rate = R = 1 Gbps = 1 x 10⁹ bps

RTT = 20 msec

<u>To Find </u>

a. Sender Utilization = ?

b. Throughput = ?

Solution

a. Sender Utilization

<u>As Given </u>

Packet Size =  L = 8000 bits

Transmission Rate = R = 1 Gbps = 1 x 10⁹ bps

Transmission Time = L/R = 8000 bits / 1 x 10⁹ bps = 8 micro-sec

Utilization =  Transmission Time / RTT + Transmission Time

                 =  8 micro-sec/ 20 msec + 8 micro-sec

                 =  0.008 sec/ 20.008 sec

Utilization =  0.00039

b. Throughput

<u>As Given </u>

Packet Size = 1kb

RTT = 20ms = 20/100 sec = 0.02 sec

So,

Throughput = Packet Size/RTT = 1kb /0.02 = 50 kbps

So, the system has 50 kbps throughput over  1 Gbps Link.

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Answer:

b. He can look for relevant articles in the results list from a database search and scan the subject terms.

Explanation:

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The most efficient and effective search strategy to identify subject terms for a database search is to look for relevant articles in the results list from a database search and scan the subject terms.

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Write a program that prompts the user to enter positive integers (as many as the user enters) from standard input and prints out
julia-pushkina [17]

Answer:

Here is the JAVA program that prompts the user to enter positive integers from standard input and prints out the maximum and minimum values:

import java.util.*;

public class Ex0603 {

   public static void main(String[] args) { //start of main function

   Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in); //creates Scanner class object to take input from user

   int minimum = 0; //stores the minimum of the integers

   int maximum = 0; //stores the minimum of the integers

   int num; //stores the positive integer values

   System.out.println("enter a positive integer: ");//prompts user to enter a positive integer

   num = in.nextInt();//scans and reads the input integer value from user

   minimum = num;  //assigns value of num to minimum

   while(true) {//while loop keeps prompting user to enter a positive integer

       System.out.println("enter a positive integer: ");//prompts user to enter a positive integer

       num = in.nextInt();//scans and reads the input integer value from user

       if(num <=0)//if the user inputs a negative integer or 0

           break; //breaks the loop

       if (num > maximum) {//if the value of positive integer is greater than the maximum of value

           maximum = num; } //assigns that maximum value of num to maximum variable

       if (num < minimum) {//if the value of positive integer is less than the minimum of value

           minimum = num; //assigns that minimum value of num to minimum       }    }            

   System.out.println("The maximum integer is : " + maximum); //displays the maximum of the positive integers

   System.out.println("The minimum integer is : " + minimum); }}   //displays the minimum of the positive integers

Explanation:

Here is the JAVA program that that prompts the user to enter an integer N, then reads N double values, and prints their mean (average value) and sample standard deviation:

import java.util.*;  

public class Ex0603 {  

public static void main(String[] args) { //start of main function

Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);  //creates Scanner class object to take input from user

double integer= 0;  //to store the number of input values

double sum = 0;  //to store the sum of input numbers

double mean = 0;  //to store the average of numbers

double sd = 0;  //to store the standard deviation result

double variance = 0;  //to store the variance result

double sumSquare = 0;  //to store the sum of (num-mean)^2

int n = 0;  //to store the sample size N

   System.out.println("Enter an integer: ");  //prompts user to enter an integer that is how many elements user wants to input

   integer = in.nextInt();  //reads the value of integer from user

   double size=integer; // declares a double type variable and assigns value of int type variable integer to this double type variable size

   int i=0;  //used to point each element of the num array

   double num[] = new double[(int)size];  //declares an array to hold the numbers input by user

   while(integer>0){  //loop executes until value of integer is greater than 0

   System.out.println("Enter a number: "); // prompts to enter a number

   num[i] = in.nextDouble(); //reads double values

   sum += num[i];  //adds the values stored in num array

   i++;  //increments i to point to the next element in num array

   n++;  //increments n to count the total number of elements

  integer--; //decrements integer value at each iteration

   mean = sum / n;    }  //compute the average of values

   i=0;  

    while(size>0){  //loop executes until value of size exceeds 0

       sumSquare += Math.pow(num[i]-mean,2); //takes the sum of square difference between each element of num array and value of mean

       i++; //increments i

      size--;   }  //decrements size

variance = sumSquare / (n-1);  //compute variance by dividing the result of sum of the squares of their differences from the mean by n-1

   sd = Math.sqrt(variance);  //computes standard deviation by using sqrt function which takes the sqrt of the result of variance computed above

System.out.println("Average value is: " + mean+ " and the standard deviation is " + String. format("%.2f", sd));   }} //displays the average of numbers stored in mean variable and value of standard deviation is displayed up to 2 decimal places

Screenshots of both programs and their outputs is attached.

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3 years ago
7. Test Average and Grade Write a program that asks the user to enter five test scores. The program should display a letter grad
Alenkasestr [34]

Answer:

The code solution is written in Java.

  1. import java.util.Scanner;
  2. public class TestScore {
  3.    public static void main(String[] args) {
  4.        Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
  5.        System.out.print("Please enter first score: ");
  6.        double firstScore = input.nextDouble();
  7.        System.out.println("Grade: " + determineGrade(firstScore));
  8.        System.out.print("Please enter second score: ");
  9.        double secondScore = input.nextDouble();
  10.        System.out.println("Grade: " + determineGrade(secondScore));
  11.        System.out.print("Please enter third score: ");
  12.        double thirdScore = input.nextDouble();
  13.        System.out.println("Grade: " + determineGrade(thirdScore));
  14.        System.out.print("Please enter fourth score: ");
  15.        double fourthScore = input.nextDouble();
  16.        System.out.println("Grade: " + determineGrade(fourthScore));
  17.        System.out.print("Please enter fifth score: ");
  18.        double fifthScore = input.nextDouble();
  19.        System.out.println("Grade: " + determineGrade(fifthScore));
  20.        System.out.println("Average score: " + calcAverage(firstScore, secondScore, thirdScore, fourthScore, fifthScore));
  21.    }
  22.    public static double calcAverage(double score1, double score2, double score3, double score4, double score5){
  23.        double average = (score1 + score2 + score3 + score4 + score5) / 5;
  24.        return average;
  25.    }
  26.    public static String determineGrade(double score){
  27.        if(score >= 90){
  28.            return "A";
  29.        }
  30.        else if(score >= 80 ){
  31.            return "B";
  32.        }
  33.        else if(score >=70){
  34.            return "C";
  35.        }
  36.        else if(score >=60){
  37.            return "D";
  38.        }
  39.        else{
  40.            return "F";
  41.        }
  42.    }
  43. }

Explanation:

Firstly, create the method, <em>calcAverage()</em>, that takes five test scores. Within the method, calculate the average and return it as output. (Line 33 - 36)

Next, create another method, <em>determineGrade()</em>, which takes only one score and return the grade based on the range of the  score. (Line 38 -54)

Once the two required methods are created, we are ready to prompt use for input five test scores using Java Scanner class. To use get user input, create a Scanner object (Line 7). Next, use getDouble() method to get an input score and assign it to variables firstScore, secondScore, thirdScore, fourthScore & fifthScore, respectively. Once a score input by user, call determineGrade() method by passing the input score as argument and immediately print out the return grade. (Line  9 - 27)

At last, call calcAverage() method by passing the first test score variables as argument and print out the returned average value. (Line 29).

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