The correct answer is cell cycle
In biology, the biotic factors pertain to the living components of Earth while the abiotic factors are those non-living chemicals and physical factors. The only choice that is not an interaction between biotic and abiotic factors is the third choice, "C. male elk fighting over a female".
When blood ph is above normal range, it is a condition called, alkolosis. When blood ph is below the normal range, it is a condition called acidosis.
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Natural selection! In the theory of natural selection, those with less beneficial traits won't live to reproduce, but those with beneficial traits will be able to reproduce and pass on those traits to their offspring, which significantly increases the frequency of those beneficial traits.