Answer:
a) Genes b and c are farthest apart.
Explanation:
Transformation occurs when a competent bacteria cell takes up genetic material from the environment. Usually a donor cell donates its gene fragment  which is then incorporated into the chromosome or plasmid of recipient bacterial cell. 
Cotransformation occurs when two genes are taken up together by the recipient. The closer the genes lie to each other, more are the chances of them being taken up together. Contransformation frequency will be higher if two genes are close to each other. Here, cotransformation frequencies between three genes are given. Amongst them, the lowest frequency is 0.0064% which is present between gene b and c. Hence, gene b and c are the farthest apart. 
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
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Explanation:
 
        
             
        
        
        
This method of growing a new shrub is a type of asexual reproduction by fragmentation
Fragmentation is a type of asexual reproduction in which the parent organism is separated into many fragments, and each fragments will develop into complete matured individuals that are identical to the parent. Some animals and plants such as shrubs, ferns reproduce by fragmentation.
 
        
             
        
        
        
The answer to this problem it C because the other answers don’t apply to this question.